Comparison of serum 25-(OH)D levels between the BPD and non-BPD groups. (A) Serum 25-(OH)D level at birth; (B) serum 25-(OH)D level at 6 months after 40 weeks of corrected gestational age. ****, P<0.0001. BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
On pulmonary function tests, we found that long-term infants in the BPD group had significantly increased RR and considerably lower VT, TI/TE, TPEF/TE, and TEF 25% compared to those in the non-BPD group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no notable differences between the two groups in terms of VPEF/VE, TEF 50%, and TEF 75%. The proportion of children with lung function impairment in the BPD group was 79.7% (), which was significantly higher than the proportion of children with lung function impairment in the non-BPD group (29.9%, ). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) ( Table 4 ).
Logistic regression studies from exposure situations on the development of BPD in the preterm children
Univariate regression analysis was first performed to determine whether BPD occurred as a dependent variable in logistic regression analysis. Independent variable indicators with statistical significance (P<0.05) in the analysis results were included in the multivariate analysis. Finally, the length of hospital stay, total oxygen therapy duration, neonatal pneumonia, neonatal asphyxia, and serum 25-(OH)D level at birth were identified as independent variables in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results showed that total oxygen therapy duration, neonatal pneumonia, neonatal asphyxia, and serum 25-(OH)D levels at birth were independent risk factors for the development of BPD in preterm infants (P<0.05, Table 5 ).
Talk
Although BPD the most well-known severe challenge within the preterm infants, the specific pathogenesis remains uncertain at present. Students that have BPD can be establish clinically that have modern dyspnea, hypoxemia, etc. Significant cases could form issue like pulmonary blood pressure and even pulmonary heart problems, mostly considering the pathophysiological change secondary for the big lung injury of your affected youngsters, in addition to diminished pulmonary compliance and improved airway resistance dysregulated ventilation/move proportion. Students which have BPD has an awful long-term prognosis. He could be expected to recurrent respiratory problems, wheezing, cardiopulmonary impairment, and backwards physical creativity, seriously affecting the standard of living. Current research has unearthed that supplement D enjoys cutting-edge biological attributes, such as the control off protected function, anti-tenderness, antioxidation, regulation off lung creativity and you will growth, and you may alleviation sito dominante regarding lung burns due to some explanations. It has in addition shown to be directly of breathing infection (11), neonatal breathing stress disorder (7), chronic obstructive pulmonary condition (12), or other lung illness. Therefore, this research lined up to spot the higher-exposure things affecting the fresh thickness out of BPD for the preterm children by the examining the relationships anywhere between serum 25-(OH)D in preterm kids and also the occurrence regarding BPD and you will long-name pulmonary means disability, in the hope of providing the fresh new ideas for early protection and you can clinical prevention out of BPD.
Nutritional D levels inside the infants depend mainly to your maternal nutritional D membership and you can placental transport. Given that placental transportation away from supplement D occurs generally throughout the 3rd trimester, preterm children could form lack of nutritional D supplies. Meanwhile, preterm babies is extremely susceptible to vitamin D lack (13) because their intestinal blossoms is not mainly based, as well as their abdominal absorptive mode is actually poor. The newest incidence off supplement D insufficiency in the preterm kids in this studies (75.5%) is generally consistent with the overall performance said from inside the previous training (14,15). Meanwhile, i unearthed that the newest imply serum twenty five-(OH)D of your own preterm produced BPD classification inside studies cohort is rather lower than compared to the newest low-BPD class, and you will a substantially large ratio of enough time-term lung means problems on BPD category as opposed to those regarding low-BPD classification. The above performance suggest that vitamin D insufficiency at beginning may getting of density from BPD and you may much time-identity lung mode disability.